Question:  WHAT DID ALBERT EINSTEIN DO TO WIN THE
NOBEL PRIZE FOR PHYSICS? 

Answer:  He actually was awarded it for his work on the photo-electric
effect, which is a very obvious manifestation of the quantum
nature of light (light comes in and electrons get ejected
from a material).  It was convincing prove, before quantum
mechanics had even been developed, that light is in some
sense quantized.  Of course, he is remembered for his work
on relativity and gravity, but that is what he got the Nobel
prize for.
Arthur Smith